How to Display Messages after Form Submit in Django and Bootstrap?

Do you want to show a confirmation message on submitting the form in your Django website?

Let’s see if the user doesn’t provide correct information while filling the form. Do you want to show the error message as “Invalid form submission.”?

Show appropriate messages on the form submissions is very necessary.

Display messages after form submit in Django is not difficult as it seems to be. Here are the simple steps to implement message framework for your Django website.

1. Initialize the Messages App in Django Settings

Add django.contrib.messages app entry in Django INSTALLED_APPS list in settings.py.

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',  #newly added
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'main',
]

If you use the messages app without registering it in installed apps, you will get an error.

name 'messages' is not defined django.

This is the very first step.

2. Set up Your Common Message HTML Template.

There can be multiple forms in your web application. It is not a good practice to write the HTML template for each form.

What we are doing here is that we will write a separate HTML template and will include it in each form or wherever needed.

Here is the simple HTML template for submission.

{% if messages %}
  {% for message in messages %}
    <div class="alert alert-dismissible alert-success">
      <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert">
      ×
      </button>
      <strong>{{message}}<strong>
    </div>
 {% endfor %}
{% endif %}

Copy the above code and save this in the new template as messages.html in your template directory.

3. Include Message Template in Django Form

If you don’t have any Django form right now, let’s, create a simple HTML form with the POST method.

Include the messages.html. You can include it anywhere you want.

<div class="container">
    {% include 'messages.html' %}
    <form method="POST">
      <fieldset>
        <legend>Form</legend>
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
        Submit
        </button>
      </fieldset>
    </form>
</div>

In this case, I’m including it above the form. This will show the message at the top of the form after submission. If you want to display the message at the bottom of the form after submission, just include the messages.html at the bottom.

4. Set the Message on Form Submission

There are multiple message types that you can set like debug, info, success, error, and warning.

In this form submission, we are interested in setting up the success and error message.

If the form submission is valid and submitted successfully, show “Contact form submitted successfully.”

messages.success(request, 'Contact request submitted successfully.')

If the form submission is invalid, show “Invalid form submission.”

messages.error(request, 'Invalid form submission.')

You can also display the actual error so that the user can understand what has gone wrong.

messages.error(request, form.errors)

If you club these all changes, this is how a function in your views.py will look like for contact form.

def contact_form(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        form = ContactForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            messages.success(request, 'Contact request submitted successfully.')
            return render(request, 'contact-form.html', {'form': ContactForm(request.GET)})
        else:
            messages.error(request, 'Invalid form submission.')
            messages.error(request, form.errors)
    else:
        form = ContactForm()
    return render(request, 'contact-form.html', {'form': form})

That’s all.

Start your Django server and Boom 😀 You are done!

Similarly, you can set the messages for Django registration and sign up. Show a logged-out message on successful logging out. Show sign-up message on successful sign-up.

5. Setting Message with Bootstrap

You can enrich your message framework with Bootstrap. You can set the different colors and formats for each type of error message.

Here is the list of alert tags in bootstrap and their corresponding colors.

We can use these color formatting for different types of alert messages to show the different types of messages on the form submission. Let’s say, for valid submitting, use the success alert tag (the one with blue background), for error, use the danger alert tag (the one with red background).

You can set this mapping in settings.py. Set the message tags in the settings.py.

from django.contrib.messages import constants as messages
MESSAGE_TAGS = {
        messages.DEBUG: 'alert-secondary',
        messages.INFO: 'alert-info',
        messages.SUCCESS: 'alert-success',
        messages.WARNING: 'alert-warning',
        messages.ERROR: 'alert-danger',
}

Now you have to update your message template in messages.html.

{% for message in messages %}
<div class="container-fluid p-0">
  <div class="alert {{ message.tags }} alert-dismissible" role="alert" >
    <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">
      <span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
    </button>
    {{ message }}
  </div>
</div>
{% endfor %}

Next, you can read all the entries submitted to your Django model/form.

This is how you can display messages after form submit in Django and Bootstrap. If you find any difficulty while setting messages Django form, let’s discuss it in the comment below.