What is Array | Print Elements in Array (Traversing)
What is an array?
Array is a collection of multiple elements. It is one of the derived data types in C programming.
Characteristics of array:
- Elements (aka items) in the array are stored in a contiguous memory location.
- Each element in the array has an index that is used to access that element.
- The index of the first element in the array is 0, the index of the second element is 2, and so on.
Array in C/C++
Array in C/C++ programming can store only homogenous items i.e. items having same data types.
Syntax:
<data_type> <array_name>[<array_size>];
Array of integers
int int_arr[10];
Array of characters
char char_arr[10];
Here 10 is the size of the array. It means, it can store 10 items.
Initialing array:
Example: Initialize an integer array to store integer values from 1 to 10.
int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
Array Example
You can use online CSEstack IDE to execute the code shared in this tutorial.
How to print specific element in array?
Example: Print the 3rd element in the array. The index of the 3rd element is 2 as index of the array starts with zero.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
printf("%d ", arr[2]);
return 0;
}
Output:
3
Traversing Array
We can use any looping statement in C/C++ like do
, do-while
or for
loop statement to print the array.
How to print array in C/C++ program using for loop? [Traversing Array]
Here is the simple code to traverse the elements in the array and print them using a for
loop.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int i;
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
How to print array in C/C++ program using while loop?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int i=0;
while(i<10) {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
i++;
}
return 0;
}
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
How to print array in C/C++ program using do-while?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int i=0;
do {
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
i++;
} while(i<10);
return 0;
}
Output:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Any doubt? Write in the comment below.